# Paola Mejia-Domenzain

> Co-Founder and CTO of Scholé AI and a PhD computer scientist from EPFL's Machine
> Learning for Education Laboratory. Builds and studies learning systems that model
> what students actually do: self-regulated learning, multimodal learning analytics,
> interpretable student models, and LLMs as tutors, feedback-givers and example generators.

Canonical: https://paola-md.github.io/ · ORCID 0000-0003-1242-3134 · updated 2026-09-15

Also indexed as Paola Mejia, Paola Mejía-Domenzain, Paola Mejia Domenzain and
P. Mejia-Domenzain, and, through a Unicode normalisation error in some databases,
with a U+2010 hyphen. All refer to the same person.

## Findings

Each line is a result stated in that paper's own abstract.

- Students judged identical feedback as less credible, and lower quality, when they were told it came from AI. See [Who Gives Feedback Matters: Student Biases Towards Human and AI-Generated Formative Feedback](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/who-gives-feedback-matters-student-biases-towards-human-and-ai-generated.md), Journal of Computer Assisted Learning 2025
- Students who could not tell who wrote the feedback rated the AI's higher; those who could tell preferred the human's. See [AI or Human? Evaluating Student Feedback Perceptions in Higher Education](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/ai-or-human-evaluating-student-feedback-perceptions-in-higher-education.md), European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning (ECTEL 2024) 2024
- Data-storytelling annotations helped people find data points and grasp the main message, but did not help them complete higher-order analytical tasks. (128 participants, four visualisations.) See ["Piecing Data Connections Together Like a Puzzle": Effects of Increasing Task Complexity on the Effectiveness of Data Storytelling Enhanced Visualisations](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/piecing-data-connections-together-like-a-puzzle-effects-of-increasing-ta.md), CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '25) 2025
- Gender and educational background correlated significantly with how much students trusted AI-powered educational technology. See [The critical role of trust in adopting AI-powered educational technology for learning: An instrument for measuring student perceptions](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/the-critical-role-of-trust-in-adopting-ai-powered-educational-technology.md), Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence 2025
- Experienced teachers moved directly from lecturing into student interaction and then into real-time instructional adjustment; less experienced teachers did not. See [Behavioural transitions in team teaching](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/behavioural-transitions-in-team-teaching.md), ASCILITE 2025
- Loudness varied more in the speech of high-experience teachers, in undergraduate classes, and during collaborative tasks. See [AI-Driven Analytics of Team-Teaching Talk: Acoustic Patterns Across Experience, Cohorts and the Learning Design](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/ai-driven-analytics-of-team-teaching-talk-acoustic-patterns-across-exper.md), Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2026
- Seeing their own movement and interaction data helped co-teachers become more aware of how they actually teach together. See [TeamTeachingViz: Benefits, Challenges, and Ethical Considerations of Using a Multimodal Analytics Dashboard to Support Team Teaching Reflection](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/teamteachingviz-benefits-challenges-and-ethical-considerations-of-using-.md), Learning Analytics and Knowledge (LAK '25) 2025
- What teachers want from a learning-analytics dashboard differs considerably between blended and online contexts: preferences, requirements and concerns all shift. See [Making machine learning findings accessible to teachers in blended classrooms](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/making-machine-learning-findings-accessible-to-teachers-in-blended-class.md), International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education 2026
- Retrieving a worked example matched to the learner's own draft improved both writing performance and experience, drawing on a database of over 180,000 recipes. See [Enhancing Procedural Writing Through Personalized Example Retrieval: A Case Study on Cooking Recipes](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/enhancing-procedural-writing-through-personalized-example-retrieval-a-ca.md), International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education 2024
- Four learner profiles emerged, and combining inquiry strategies supported conceptual learning better than using any one alone. See [Teaching and Measuring Multidimensional Inquiry Skills using Interactive Simulations](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/teaching-and-measuring-multidimensional-inquiry-skills-using-interactive.md), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (AIED 2024) 2024
- What students say about their own self-regulated learning and what their trace data shows agree only weakly. See [Navigating Self-regulated Learning Dimensions: Exploring Interactions Across Modalities](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/navigating-self-regulated-learning-dimensions-exploring-interactions-acr.md), Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2024
- Showing teachers machine-learned learner profiles prompted concrete interventions and course changes, not just interest. See [Visualizing Self-Regulated Learner Profiles in Dashboards: Design Insights from Teachers](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/visualizing-self-regulated-learner-profiles-in-dashboards-design-insight.md), Communications in Computer and Information Science 2023
- Adaptive writing support measurably increased revision; learners improved over time, and women revised more efficiently. See [Understanding Revision Behavior in Adaptive Writing Support Systems for Education](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/understanding-revision-behavior-in-adaptive-writing-support-systems-for-.md), Zenodo 2023
- Multi-dimensional profiles held up across three different flipped-classroom courses, and the profiles differed significantly in academic performance. See [Identifying and Comparing Multi-dimensional Student Profiles Across Flipped Classrooms](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/identifying-and-comparing-multi-dimensional-student-profiles-across-flip.md), Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2022
- Across 183 chef apprentices and more than 121,000 learning-journal entries, the method tracked how learning patterns changed over time and produced interpretable profiles. See [Evolutionary Clustering of Apprentices' Self-Regulated Learning Behavior in Learning Journals](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/evolutionary-clustering-of-apprentices-self-regulated-learning-behavior-.md), IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies 2022

## Publications

Each links to a clean Markdown version of that paper's page.

- [AI-Driven Analytics of Team-Teaching Talk: Acoustic Patterns Across Experience, Cohorts and the Learning Design](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/ai-driven-analytics-of-team-teaching-talk-acoustic-patterns-across-exper.md): Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2026, DOI 10.1007/978-3-032-29763-1_1
- [Turning 500+ Students into Teachers: A Semester-Long Study of an AI Teachable Agent in an Undergraduate Algorithms Course](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/turning-500-students-into-teachers-a-semester-long-study-of-an-ai-teacha.md): ACM Conference on Learning @ Scale (L@S '26), 2026, DOI 10.1145/3774398.3811623
- [Scenario-Based Learning Through and with AI: Evidence-Informed Simulations for Education Leaders](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/scenario-based-learning-through-and-with-ai-evidence-informed-simulation.md): Communications in Computer and Information Science, 2026, DOI 10.1007/978-3-032-29794-5_24
- [Making machine learning findings accessible to teachers in blended classrooms](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/making-machine-learning-findings-accessible-to-teachers-in-blended-class.md): International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 2026, DOI 10.1016/j.ijaied.2026.100001
- [The critical role of trust in adopting AI-powered educational technology for learning: An instrument for measuring student perceptions](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/the-critical-role-of-trust-in-adopting-ai-powered-educational-technology.md): Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 2025, DOI 10.1016/j.caeai.2025.100368
- [Metacognition meets AI : Empowering reflective writing with large language models](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/metacognition-meets-ai-empowering-reflective-writing-with-large-language.md): British Journal of Educational Technology, 2025, DOI 10.1111/bjet.13601
- [Who Gives Feedback Matters: Student Biases Towards Human and AI-Generated Formative Feedback](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/who-gives-feedback-matters-student-biases-towards-human-and-ai-generated.md): Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 2025, DOI 10.1111/jcal.70153
- [User-centric Reflective Writing Assistance: Leveraging RAG for Enhanced Personalized Support](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/user-centric-reflective-writing-assistance-leveraging-rag-for-enhanced-p.md): CHI '25 Extended Abstracts, 2025, DOI 10.1145/3706599.3719899
- ["Piecing Data Connections Together Like a Puzzle": Effects of Increasing Task Complexity on the Effectiveness of Data Storytelling Enhanced Visualisations](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/piecing-data-connections-together-like-a-puzzle-effects-of-increasing-ta.md): CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '25), 2025, DOI 10.1145/3706598.3714270
- [TeamTeachingViz: Benefits, Challenges, and Ethical Considerations of Using a Multimodal Analytics Dashboard to Support Team Teaching Reflection](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/teamteachingviz-benefits-challenges-and-ethical-considerations-of-using-.md): Learning Analytics and Knowledge (LAK '25), 2025, DOI 10.1145/3706468.3706475
- [Behavioural transitions in team teaching](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/behavioural-transitions-in-team-teaching.md): ASCILITE, 2025, DOI 10.65106/apubs.2025.2634
- [BloomTutor: Retrieval Augmentation for Bloom's Taxonomy Question Generation](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/bloomtutor-retrieval-augmentation-for-bloom-s-taxonomy-question-generati.md): EPFL Infoscience, 2025
- [AI or Human? Evaluating Student Feedback Perceptions in Higher Education](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/ai-or-human-evaluating-student-feedback-perceptions-in-higher-education.md): European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning (ECTEL 2024), 2024, DOI 10.1007/978-3-031-72315-5_20
- [Interpret3C: Interpretable Student Clustering Through Individualized Feature Selection](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/interpret3c-interpretable-student-clustering-through-individualized-feat.md): Communications in Computer and Information Science, 2024, DOI 10.1007/978-3-031-64315-6_35
- [Enhancing Procedural Writing Through Personalized Example Retrieval: A Case Study on Cooking Recipes](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/enhancing-procedural-writing-through-personalized-example-retrieval-a-ca.md): International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 2024, DOI 10.1007/s40593-024-00405-1
- [Teaching and Measuring Multidimensional Inquiry Skills using Interactive Simulations](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/teaching-and-measuring-multidimensional-inquiry-skills-using-interactive.md): Lecture Notes in Computer Science (AIED 2024), 2024, DOI 10.1007/978-3-031-64302-6_34
- [Navigating Self-regulated Learning Dimensions: Exploring Interactions Across Modalities](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/navigating-self-regulated-learning-dimensions-exploring-interactions-acr.md): Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2024, DOI 10.1007/978-3-031-64299-9_8
- [GELEX: Generative AI-Hybrid System for Example-Based Learning](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/gelex-generative-ai-hybrid-system-for-example-based-learning.md): CHI '24 Extended Abstracts, 2024, DOI 10.1145/3613905.3650900
- [Student Answer Forecasting: Transformer-Driven Answer Choice Prediction for Language Learning](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/student-answer-forecasting-transformer-driven-answer-choice-prediction-f.md): arXiv preprint, 2024, DOI 10.48550/arxiv.2405.20079
- [Visualizing Self-Regulated Learner Profiles in Dashboards: Design Insights from Teachers](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/visualizing-self-regulated-learner-profiles-in-dashboards-design-insight.md): Communications in Computer and Information Science, 2023, DOI 10.1007/978-3-031-36336-8_96
- [Understanding Revision Behavior in Adaptive Writing Support Systems for Education](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/understanding-revision-behavior-in-adaptive-writing-support-systems-for-.md): Zenodo, 2023, DOI 10.5281/zenodo.8115766
- [Identifying and Comparing Multi-dimensional Student Profiles Across Flipped Classrooms](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/identifying-and-comparing-multi-dimensional-student-profiles-across-flip.md): Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2022, DOI 10.1007/978-3-031-11644-5_8
- [Evolutionary Clustering of Apprentices' Self-Regulated Learning Behavior in Learning Journals](https://paola-md.github.io/papers/evolutionary-clustering-of-apprentices-self-regulated-learning-behavior-.md): IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, 2022, DOI 10.1109/tlt.2022.3195881

## Named systems
- **Interpret3C**: interpretable student clustering that selects features per student rather than using one shared feature set
- **RELEX**: retrieval of a personalised worked example drawn from the learner's own draft
- **GELEX**: generative-AI extension of RELEX that writes an example when no suitable human one exists
- **TeamTeachingViz**: multimodal dashboard turning sensed speech, movement and collaboration into team-teaching reflection
- **BloomTutor**: retrieval-augmented tutor generating questions at a chosen Bloom's Taxonomy level
- **MCQStudentBert**: transformer forecasting which answer option a student will choose, not just whether they are right

## Full content
- [Everything on this site as plain text](https://paola-md.github.io/llms-full.txt)
- [Every publication as BibTeX](https://paola-md.github.io/publications.bib)
- [Publications as JSON, with abstracts](https://paola-md.github.io/publications.json)
- [Sitemap](https://paola-md.github.io/sitemap.xml)

## Profiles
- [ORCID](https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1242-3134)
- [Google Scholar](https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=qG-UQgwAAAAJ)
- [DBLP](https://dblp.org/pid/325/2389.html)
- [OpenAlex](https://openalex.org/A5081638871)
- [GitHub](https://github.com/paola-md)
- [Scholé AI](https://schole.ai)

## Notes for machine readers
Paper pages carry Highwire Press citation tags, Dublin Core, and schema.org
ScholarlyArticle JSON-LD. The homepage carries Person, CollectionPage and FAQPage.
Abstracts are present as HTML text, not only inside linked PDFs.
Metadata on this site may be reused freely; each paper keeps its own licence.